Juvenile Justice reform Essay

I would like to make most recommendations on jejune Justice reform as upstart people be in-chief(postnominal) part of our population. First of all I would like to comment on juvenile crime. Without any doubt,crime is one of the biggest problems society is facing today,and partially,the society is to institutionalise for it. There should be some deterrents to make people fear the law. However,the prison house is not always the best solution. Another way of punishing them is to labour them to do some kind of community returns. Nevertheless,if people are displace to prison they may be pushed towards a life of crime.Therefore,they may sound even substantialened criminals. On the other hand,community service may attend integrate them into society. Another advantage of community service is that it is a cheaper substitute to prison as the offender continues to live at home. Besides,the offender is gift something back to the society instead taking from it. However,community ser vice should,in my view,only be utilise as an alternative to prison when the crime comotted is minor,such a petty theft. Furthermore,I would kick up that young offenders should see the consequences of their actions and that they should be made to repay those they develop robbed.I feel that it would be particularly beneficial for the victims of a crime. It seems that,while community service may work for some offenders,it fails for others. In my opinion it is better for offenders who earn commited a minor crime,who are not dangerous for the society. Certainly,hardened criminals should be send to prison. Protection of the public may be effective as pertinacious as the prisoner is inside. It may prove ineffective in the long run once the prisoner is realised,unless the rehabilitation has taken place(education and job readying should be apt(p) in prison).As I mentioned above,the society is partly responsible for the youth criminal. Young offenders are not intrinsically bad,they ar e only reacting to the conditions in which they are queueing themselves. The governement should improve the welfare of young people and give them the opportunity to contribute to society. If a young soulfulness thinks he is a failure,he may be prone to violence,vandalism and crime. They should be given funds for education so that even those from the most dis adequated families have the oppurtunity to succeed in their life.The government should also help the talented youngsters,artists,musicians and subsidize their work. Without the financial help,they would not succeed and it would be a great spillage for the whole society. The society should look after abandoned children and provide them with probable accomodation. Young people are different from adults. Their conflict during adolescence is cookd by the circumstance that biological development is faster than social development. They want to be independent,but they cannot act their life on their own.They have to learn that li fe is a hard struggle which includes big challenges they have to deal with. In society,teenagers are pressured to come along more quickly and have to make decisions regarding their education. The pressure to pass exams,to find a job,to master technology has become even great. It is more unvoiced to find your place in society. It becomes more difficult to find and shape your own values. The environment is not the only safari of bad behaviour. flock say that in that location has been a breakdown in discipline in the home.Children can no longer rely on their parents to be at that place to talk over their problems with them. Today? s mothers and fathers are busy next their career path,and many no longer have the energy to throw away quality time with their children. Many youngsters are spoiled by their parents who afflict to calm their bad conscience by giving them money,but money is not always a good way to solve problems. This may cause difficulties for youngsters and it ma y be possible that they will not be able to overcome challenges and problems which are common during their lifetime.Boredom may also be a cause of delinquency ,so it is extremely important to provide blank facilities for young people,such as clubs and sports centres. In some communities there is very slender to do in the evening ,and I propose that money should be set aside to provide it. This may involve some expenditure,but there should be a considerable reduction in crime. Furthermore,some television programmes and films retard bad language and violence and,in my opinion,there should be some censorship because some impressionable youngsters may copy it.As I mentioned above,the problem is greater when there is nothing to do,because a young person is more presumable to spend the whole day staring at a assort which may be extremely harmful for their wellness. It affects the eyesight and may cause back and neck problems. It cannot be good for young people to venture their life in that way. They should be made fully aware of the health benefits of exercising and the dangers of obesity. Some exercise facilities should also be provided. I weigh that my recommendations will be taken into consideration and that it will benefit the youngsters and help them grow into healthy and eminent citizens.

Hamlet’s and Laertes’ Revenge: Which One Seems More Justified Essay

When single does an intentional (or even unintentional) act to the detriment of an other(a), the aggrieved political party or his or her love champions may vow for vengeance against the perpetrator of the act. It has al ways been the kind of emotion that causes a person to feel hatred, study hostility, and display aggressive behavior, revealing the worst of him or her. Revenge female genital organ sometimes be bitter and relentless, yet some hatful excessively call it sweet and encountering at times. Thus, it has been a common theme and theory in literature. The world of literature has been flooded with numerous tales about vindicate and its consequences.Although most of these stories are tragic and melodramatic, they have nonetheless created a noteworthy impact on the readers consciousness about the reality and nature of penalize. Shakespeare has been prove by history itself to be a one-of-a-kind literary artist who was adequate to launch and create many successful tr agic plays about avenge. champion of his most popular plays about this emotion is that of the life of small town, the prince of Denmark. In this play, critical point found several reasons to kill and to sterilize a lot of people suffer cod to the decease of his beloved dumbfound who was mercilessly murdered.However, in the play, there is another character who had the same reason to of taking visit Laertes, whose fuck off was killed by Prince crossroads himself, and whose sister killed herself because of the sorrow brought by their fathers death. Considering crossroadss and Laertes vow for vengeance, it laughingstock be inferred that although they both(prenominal) share the same reason for being penaliseful, only Hamlets revenge appears to be justifi subject in the soul that he knew the justness laughingstock his fathers death, whereas Laertes was blinded by Claudius lies and took revenge upon the unseasonable person.Hamlets RevengeThe cause of death of Prince Hamlet s father was actually unknown to the finished kingdom. After his fathers death, his uncle Claudius married his mother and took over the throne. It was only when the spirit of his father appeared in front of them when the real reason of his death was unfolded. The ghost revealed that it was actually the compulsive Claudius himself, the crony of Hamlets father, who killed him in order to put the entire kingdom as well as his wife in his possession. savage by the ill-fate of his father and the unforgivable, abusive, and unjust actions of his uncle Claudius, Hamlet vowed to take revenge on Claudius in order to give his fathers horrible death its due justice. The knowledge of his fathers murder and of his mothers betrayal of her wedding vows with Hamlets father filled him with so much ire and vengeful spirit, as distinctly reflected in the followers linesOh God A beast that wants discourse of reasonWould have bemoand longer married with mine uncle,My fathers brother but no more give care my fatherThan I to Hercules. deep down a month,Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tearsHad left hand the flushing in her galld eyes. (1.2.150-155)This was the start of his revenge. After this point, he about went mad with all the thoughts that kept running inside his head. He was part between morality and his revengeful feeling towards his uncle and those people who betrayed his deceased father. However, if one would serve closely and analyze Hamlets revenge, although it may look relentless and sumless, it all boils down to the fact that Hamlet realized that his father, whom he loved so much, had been mercilessly killed for selfish reasons.His anger as a son domiciliate completely be understandable since readers would be able to understand that a sons love for his father pass on always be immeasurable. To think that Hamlet did all he could to be at the least careful of not punishing innocent people, it can be said that he never aimed to do worse things than aveng ing his fathers death.Laertes RevengeJust like the reason behind Hamlets aggressive revenge, Laertes in like manner lost two of his love ones. That is why, in a fit of rage, he fearlessly faced Hamlet whom he believed was the sole reason behind the loss of his family. His father, Polonius, was accidentally killed by Hamlet who mistakenly identified him as Claudius, while Opehlia, Laertes sister, died by drowning herself into a river due to the unbearable grief caused by his fathers death. Thus, just like Hamlet, Laertes was crushed by the incidents, and he felt the same kind of anger and pain just like what Hamlet felt.However, recalling how Laertes got hostile towards Hamlet, it can be observed that Claudius make him believe that Hamlet was to blame for his fathers and sisters deaths. Hence, brokenhearted at that time and naturally indefensible and helpless in that condition, Laertes was easily convinced and moved by Claudius words. Thus, he started to feel that overwhelming ange r and drive to kill Hamlet careless(predicate) of what ways or process he had to go through. The events which occurred next were a series conspiracies and plots that Laertes made in order to bring Hamlet down.He also went to Claudius to seek help and advice as to how to kill his mortal enemy. His forefront was then clouded by Claudius deceiving words which allowed evil to close Laertes heart to anything and made him a relentless and merciless enemy of Hamlet. He also succumbed to the evil plans of Claudius that were designed to kill Hamlet in the surest of ways. Although Hamlet succeeded in killing Laertes first, he was still wounded by the sword cover with poison which immediately cut his breath shortly after Laertes bring down to the ground. Thus, it may seem that the driving force behind Laertes revenge was the duplicity of Claudius.Unlike Hamlet, Laertes revengeful acts were pushed and encouraged by someone elses motives and intentions which were that of Claudius. As it appe ars, while Hamlet decided on taking revenge on the people who brought upon his fathers death, Laertes, who went so weak to craft, was nothing but Claudius dummy who did just what the deceitful character wanted, without knowing the truth behind the deaths of his loved ones.Which Revenge Appears More Justified?Upon exploring Hamlets and Laertes revenge, it appears clearly that both of them felt anguished and pained due to the death of their loved ones. The death of Hamlets dear father was so barbarian and unjust that he himself felt that he should do what he can to make his fathers murderers pay for the crime that they committed. On the other hand, the reason behind Laertes revenge was merely fed by Claudiuss lies who wanted to eradicate Hamlet as his opponent from the kingdom.It clearly implies that Laertes revenge was pushed through by deceitful and selfish reasons which covered his eyes from sightedness the truth behind his familys death. With this, it can be safe to evidence t hat Hamlets revenge is more justified in the sense that he knew the truth that his father has been murdered and therefore, justice must make the murderers pay for their crime, while in Laertes case, he had been so weak to deception that his anger and hostile treatment of Hamlet had no real and true(a) basis. The tale which made him so angry had been fabricated by Claudius lies which made him fight for the wrong reasons and kill the wrong person.However, in whatever ways revenge is justified by others, it is still unacceptable to me since no one must take justice in his or her own hands. To fulfill their vengeance, Hamlet and Laertes had to hold justice in their hands, but as it appears, a person can easily be deceived therefore, ones revenge can always be misled, just like what happened to Laertes. Hamlets revenge only appears justifiable as he knew the truth completely. Thus, although Hamlet and Laertes shared similar reasons behind their revenges, only Hamlets revenge appears to be justifiable in this context.

Oral history archive department in modern libraries, Essay

The main aim of the research is to discuss the uses and the lever of an viva voce register roll de parcelment in modern libraries, in particular British libraries and Ameri ordure mavens which argon pi oneers in this domain. It has been agnize or detect that the spontaneous report pull in can be utilise to pardon the apprehension or idea of windowing time in physical and digital libraries. Of late digital and spoken write up archive libraries carry a variety of effectual training and documents that admit the past and present ones. This study on that pointfore tries to view the use and the value of this kind of vowelize archive in which it is divided into main categories and subsections.The first section is the introductory part that tries to give a brief ex projectation ab off the verbal report archive. There is a problem in question or objective, which touches on what is to be investigated that is the use of this archive. The hypotheses are besides construc ted to provide answers to the objectives of the research. The other areas include research context/literature review methodology work plan recourses ethics and conclusion.1. Working TitleThe use and the value of an unwritten memorial archive section in Modern Libraries and Information Centres.2. Introduction.Many scholars realized that Oral history archive libraries can be used to go for information as fast as feasible. According to Portelli (1998), the archive holds several(prenominal) hours of gramophone, films, audio, video and Compact Disks. The oral history archive has been of great serve in various divisions because instant information has been obtained through what is c bothed oral debriefing. This is a situation whereby a comprehensive and condensed verbal testimony is obtained from individuals (Medical Tribune 2007).Other areas where the oral history archive has been applied include areas such as psychology, take care interrogation in criminal investigations, which occur in both oral and visual formats (Sangster 1998).The archive tentatively is currently being used to armed service in knowledge management specially when it comes to labor market. This is an area in commerce and industry where the changing labor market requires employees to shift from one position to a nonher or from one job to another.As this happens there is loss of organizational memory, the so called the body of data and knowledge which is applicable to an individual organizations existence (Perk and Thomson 1998 and Gregory 1991). These therefore are of the uses of oral history archive that puzzle it become recognized as a compelling device or tool especially in Britain to stamp down the already existing institutional knowledge and information.Learning has been enhanced by the use of Oral history archive. The new curriculum requires students to get under ones skin sound and good communication skills that prepare them to answers questions either during interviews as t hey come along for jobs later schooling or in classroom (Rolph 1998). Criminal investigation department also employ the use of an Oral history archive when they are interrogating criminals.3. Aims and objectivesIn this section, the paper discusses the problem in question or the objectives of carrying out the research. Oral history archive has been viewed as a unique and powerful tool by people. In browse to clear this perception and make things more clear, this research paper tries to answer the question. The problem to be researched on is therefore the value and the use of an oral history archive in modern libraries and information centres and why people view it as a reclaimable tool in modern libraries.The paper shall also look at the role, if any, of the information specialist of the future in an oral history department and the skills the information specialist must progress to to operate in such a department. Besides, the paper shall also look at and call the question of how interviewing targets are chosen by the oral history department, how big-ticket(prenominal) it is to put up an oral history department from scratch at the various libraries, why people view it as a useful tool in the modern libraries and the skills that are required by an information specialist in order for him/her to be able to operate in the department.Today, many educationists are being encouraged to introduce oral history as a powerful tool for serious scholarships in all universities in order to encourage learning. However, there are a procedure of universities that have introduced and developed extensive collections of oral history while others have not realized the usefulness of the library. For example Harvard, Princeton and University of California have taken the lead in the development and introduction of oral history archive (Gowers 2006). In addition, the university libraries mentioned above in this domain have operated smoothly from 1955, the British Library has been the pioneer for a lot of researchers of this topic. The reason is simple.The Sound scroll Department of British Library at the present time holds all over a million discs, One hundred and eighty five kilobyte audio tapes, and a lot of video and sound records. These collections which include scripted literature, dramatized stuff, and music recordings plus sounds of wildlife are collected from across the world. They entail cylindric equipment created in the nineteenth century to the most recent Compact Disks, digital Versatile Disk and mini discs.4. Scope and DefinitionIn order to discover the use and the value of an oral history archive department and to create a sensible project in range and time, the range of mountains of the project will focus mainly on the opinions of curators, librarians and others who are work in this sector. It is important though to be aware that this will accentuate basically on personal viewpoints and changing theories and therefore might not pr ovide a perfect answer. It will also be obligatory for the research to stay neutral and determined on the questioners and not go beyond the objectives set as those working in these departments will be more involved with the issues concerning their departments than be drawn to the personal issues.5. Literature limited reviewThe literature review section tries to look at what other scholars have discussed about the same topic to be researched on. This is genuinely important since it avoids or solves cases of duplication of other peoples work. Since other people or scholars at one time had realized the importance of Oral history archive in the modern libraries, it is therefore in order to bother their ideas on the topic.The oral history archive has been viewed as a useful tool in a number of areas such as psychotherapy, avow interrogation in crime investigation and learning institutions that are provided in both oral and visual formats (Rolph 1998, Gregory 1991, Parker 1999 and Sa rah 2004).According to Ritchie (2003), oral history has useful information or materials that are often ignored by librarians. This is also sometimes overlooked in relation to cost value deliberation (Swain 2003). The archive has played a key role in parcel in audio collection, attitude and value clarification as tumesce as necessitating multi-media approach to learning (Christel 2006 and Thomson 2000).The most obvious area where oral history archive has been used according to Perks and Thompson (1998) is in learning institutions. This is a case where a tape recorder is used in classrooms to jock students understand the concept being taught in class room. However, it has been noticed that a tape recorder has not been effectively and efficiently used as compared to the use of movie, slide or overhead projectors (Lukenbill 2002). One advantage when one uses a tape recorder is that it can be stopped anytime especially when the instructor wants to emphasize important points or to all ow urgent questions arising (Thompson 2000). Tapes can also be replayed to enhance re-examining or revisiting and requesting of any order that is desirable. straightlaced appreciation of the lesson is therefore emphasized.Since the new curriculum requires students to have skills in understanding comprehension, analysis and evaluation. Oral history has been of great use to check and dig into all these concepts. It is also noted that oral communication skills are very important when it comes to times of interviews where questions are phrased (Swain 2003). The interviewer and the interviewee have to be clear and nice especially in calling for specific information. The questions asked especially during the interviews need also to be answered in the most accurate manner as possible (Ritchie 2003). According to Perks and Thompson (1998), accuracy actually plays a major role in interviews and this can be facilitated by the use of oral history archive. The concept is also emphasized by Seale (2004).As a way of facilitating learning, oral history archive through the use of tapes has facilitated immediate feedback during teaching in schools. This has been do in connection with other secondary sources like books more so in secondary schools. Students needs are addressed as soon as possible. This rules out cases of negative delays which is commonly experienced in the traditional scholarly research where numerous collections are required (Thompson 2000). A good teacher who knows how to use tapes only needs to locate enamor tapes in which he is expected to prepare summarized notes according to students understanding. This should be done after testing the entry behavior of the students before opting to use the tapes for culture (Parker 1999).Oral history archive has also been helpful in clinical libraries (Schacher 2001). Clinicians when giving psychotherapy to patients who are mentally disturbed have used the information contained in the Oral history archive. Such pa tients may be suffering from Schizophrenia or psychosis (Schacher 2001 and Thompson 2000). As patients talk about their complaint the clinician is able to come up with appropriate measures to provide assistance.

Love and War

They say all is fair in crawl in and war. This commonly know idiom is accepted across the nation because, in reality, both love and war result in soulfulness getting hurt. Whether it be humans emotions or a human leg that ends up getting rupture apart, the victim in question is also to blame. Everyone has complete and sole position over his or her emotions, and of their cream in a lover/choice to fall in love. When it comes to war, nobody (at least nobody who lives in America) is oblige to enlist in any division of the army. It is a human overcompensate to protect ones self from danger, and if that means not combat for their country, then they dont have to.However any particular(a) that does choose to take part in battle understands the potential consequences. two love and war atomic number 18 decisions, but the uniform is not dependable when it comes to economics and a persons bank account. Financial military position is determined at birth, which is very unlike the e ffects of love and war. Those who are born into wealth have the fortune of being able to deduct give away their career, whatever it may be, at a higher than fairish rank. Achieving upper class status, retiring early, owning a fancy car, owning a fully grown house etc. is some measure caused by luck and can at times be the result of a high drive and a strong work ethic.Though, that is not usually the case. More often times than not, those who are rich when they are thirty, forty, seventy etc. start out that way. It all begins at birth. Upper class parents find it reputable to acquire their children in a manner that is above par right from severe to get them to speak. Then, they send those children to a pre-pre groom, followed by preschool, which not everyone has the opportunity to attend. Children from pie-eyed families usually attend private grade school ( other privilege that comes on with having money), which starts them off with a good education and puts them on the path to a supreme future.Upon applying for their first job at age sixteen or so (if they even want to the rich usually have adequate money to forget the job and focus on their bettering their education, which is yet another perk that sets them up for success), and since most of these people have lived in the same town for the entirety of their life, their parents have certain connections to certain businesses and business owners, and could substantially get their kid an above par job (probably doing practically nothing) or better yet a high paying internship.The bonus of an internship, however, in this case would not be the extra cash. Rather, it would provide them with a positive learning experience. College is just another step in their life that leave behind come easy, because they get into a better college than they should, simply because one of their parents went there, knew someone who went there, or because the admissions department can see a perfect academic record in their name (which, is what university is all about so, it greatly benefits them).Finally, payoff of the wealthy many times entrust take over their parents eliminate tier business and make lots of money that way, or they will have done well enough at their great school (their parents set them straight from the beginning, it would be hard not to do well), that they acquired an equally prestigious or more prestigious job for themselves. Either way, the bike of wealth starts again. In conclusion, all is fair in love and war. However, when it comes to fiscal status, its a man eat man world. And the ones with the money of all time win.

Reflection about

Wars holdmed kindred things that only happened in the past or in movies, but direct we grew up seeing the news, the deadlines, and the stories of the horrific events that get hold of been happening since 2001 and now we see them as normal issues in our world, our perspective ab come on the wars, social and policy-making tragedies argon way too normal now.This film made me moot to the highest degree how twisted the mind of some pile is, how they can determine to destroy the life of many innocent people, either way for the AH-Qaeda conclave and for the supposedly attack of the Americans to the Muslim people that Osama Bin Laden at one time claimed. It also got me thinking hat the security of the airports back in those old age were highly poor, maybe they trusted more or they didnt even wonder that someone would dare to hijacked a flight, but of course it changed after every last(predicate) this tragedies, now you cant even travel with liquids that are more than 3 oz. ND ob viously you cant travel with knives anymore. This film made me feel so mad and uncomfortable, seeing what it actu completelyy happened in those towers, the Pentagon, how people were running for their lives, how they were struggling to make out and survive the hell that hey lived in, and the death of all the people that were in those plains.It made appreciate that life can be taking out-of-door from us in just the matter of 1 second, we should appreciate all the things that we have no matter what and always demonstrate the love that you have towards your family, never skipping a day telling that you love them. What I ground around surprising/interesting was that all of this events happened in such a small matter of time, in less than 3 hours bunch of things happened, he two Twin Towers were hit, the Pentagon was hit also by an airplane, and that the passengers took over the plane that was going to hit the White House.Also I lay out out to be really interesting that the people that were in the United Airlines Flight 93 were brave enough to go and risk their lives just so they could turn in the life Of others, those people are the kind who should be called heroes. What I found most shocking or disturbing is that the fact of people who were in the Twin Towers got so desperate and they decided to kill themselves by mumping out of the building because they gave up, they couldnt stand all the suffer and the agony of being confine in a 80 floor building and be completely helpless.Also, I got so disturbed in just thinking of consultation some outdoor soft music that was coming from the speakers while people were dying in the inside of those 2 buildings. The music felt and sounded so demoniac, like if it were a horror film. It is important for people to know about 9/11 because it was an event that left a mark in the world that we live in, it changed so many lives and the lifestyle f most human being in the Earth.It got some consequences that can explain wher efore the present is like it is, the consequence of the problems that 9/11 caused, and because its a tragical event that happened in our lifetime and we saw everything that was happening. Also, we should be informed in all the important and basic events that the humanity has lived and not repeating them again, these are mistaken decisions that people have made and We need to learn from them to not committing them again.

Mousetrap Car

Law of conservation of talent said that Energy cannot be created or destroyed it whitethorn be transformed from unrivalled form into another, but the total get along of get-up-and-go never changes. By winding the spring on your trap play gondola car, you store energy in the spring as authorization energy. This stored potential energy pass oning metamorphose energy into kinetic energy as the mouse-trap car begins to move. But there is friction and in order to traverse friction you have to do more work.Friction converts energy into heat and intelligent which takes away energy from your motion, cause the car to stop as its energy is turned into other forms. When blueprint a mousetrap car, there atomic number 18 two variables that truly define the overall performance friction and energy. If my mousetrap car has similarly a lot friction, the energy in the spring will be turned too quickly and my mousetrap car will not travel actually far or accelerate very(prenominal ) fast. The smaller the friction is, the farther the mousetrap will move my car.It your car has a force advantage, then your car will move crack fast Law of Conservation of Energy said that Energy cannot be created or destroyed it may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes. By winding the spring on your mousetrap car, you store energy in the spring as potential energy. This stored potential energy will convert energy into kinetic energy as the mouse-trap car begins to move. But there is friction and in order to overcome friction you have to do more work.Friction converts energy into heat and sound which takes away energy from your motion, causing the car to stop as its energy is turned into other forms. When designing a mousetrap car, there are two variables that truly determine the overall performance friction and energy. If my mousetrap car has too much friction, the energy in the spring will be turned too quickly and my mousetra p car will not travel very far or accelerate very fast. The smaller the friction is, the farther the mousetrap will move my car. It your car has a force advantage, then your car will move super fast

Marie is a 13 year old female

Marie is a 13 year old female, who, on with 2 self-aggrandisings (both mount up 18), staged a kidnapping of a 13 year old girl in Maries class. They tied and gagged the picayune girl to the kidnapping spot. Should Marie be brought to trial as a juvenille or tested in an openhanded court? Is Marie classified as a juvenile offender? To answer these questions we will look at what classifies a juvenile offender, offenses that constitutes juvenile assay as givings, criminal intent environ Maries case, what sendencing guidelines should be considered and what word conditions should be made.It is a sad fact that people of all ages commit crimes, yes, even children under level-headed age of adult hood which varies from evidence to state. Because of this juvenile court systems have been designed to sentence those who argon too young to be act as an adult. Those juvenile that commit crimes usually be move before a special the juvenile court and receive their punishment. However, more or less juvenile are committing adult crimes and therefore should be charged as adults. When these cases arise a juvenile offender good deal be waived from juvenile court to adult court if the offense was adult enough.Usually a wavering processing has to be conducted via the procecustor. However, many states have laws allowing prosecutors to file adult charges against juvenile offenders for serious offenses without applying for a waiver (www.expertlaw.com). In addition, many states have seen the need to eliminate some serious offensives from juvenile court. Because of their severity offenses such as capital crimes, murders, and former(a) offenses against soulfulnesss will be tried only in adult courts.According to www.co.san-joaquin.ca.us, those adolesants at least 14 years of age give the bounce be tried and sentenced to as an adult form a number of felonies. These felonies include murder, assay murder, arson, robbery with a deadly or unsafe weapon, various forms of rap e, kidnapping, and carjacking. It is life-sustaining to point out that under most state laws, juvenile offenders do not commit crimes, they commit delinquent acts that some would constitute as crimes in pull by adults.With the understanding of juvenile offenders and what offenses permit a juvenile to be tried as an adult, should Marie be tried as an adult for her inter-group communication in the kidnapping of her classmate? In my opinion, yes Marie should be tried as an adult. As a juvenile offender tried as an adult she will have the legal protection as adults defendants correctly to an attorney, the right to remain silent, and the right to present accusers, cross-examine witnesses and appeal to a higher court.According to the legal dictonary criminal intent is a mental desire and will to act in a token way. Maries intent was plotting with the adults to kidnap her classmate. Because juvenile are not sentenced even when tried as adults, instead they are reconstructd, Marie sho uld still face a juror of six adults. Her past history with the juvenile system, opportunity of reform, seriousness and her inter-group communication in the kidnapping as well as how the publics safety will be affected if she is not locked up should be considered in the guidelines of the sentencing of the case.Treatment consideration should be provided to the court as a replacement program such as a detention amount or boot camp. Even if this is her first offense, it is clear by her involvement in this crime that she is headed down the wrong path and redirection is in order. It is cognize by adult court judges that the adult prisons offer little(a) in the way of rehabilitation, counseling, or schooling. Therefore rehabilitation is mostly promising the route the juvenile would get.A rehabilitation center would provide her the maximum shelter training schools operated by state governments or non-profit organizations. In these facilities she would be fit(p) through a rigorous program of education and counseling. Marie should not be sent to an adult prison, as a 1996 study of children sent to an adult prison were 1/3 more likely to commit crimes when released than those who were sent to a rehabilitation center (Juvenile Justice). If she is transferred into a boot camp, she would be knotted in a military style regimen or sonorous work, calisthenics and discipline (Kresnak, pg 04). According to Jack Kresnak, the purposes of these camps are imposing social organisation into their chaotic live.Even though I have suggested and support Marie creation tried as an adult for her involvement in this terrible crime and contact her to obtaining rehabilitation for her actions, this is not saying that juveniles are not sentenced to pinion. In retrospect, www.expertlaw.com was firm to point out that many states have large juvenile prisons and treatment facilities. It is highly understood that some juvenile offenders are extremely dangerous and despite their age in carceration can and should be appropriate for them. It is as well as vital to know that if tried as a juvenile, these juvenile offenders are not offered the same guidelines as adults.They have no constitutional right to a jury trial, and do have a right to a public trail or bail. The purpose of juvenile trail is to rehabilitate not to punish. That is why I stand firm on my end that Marie should be tried as an adult. She committed a crime and being tried as an adult will ensure that she is scared into the veracious social behavior.However, the only problem we foresee in her being tried as an adult is that Marie is only 13 years of age. Most states as we have read allow children as young as 14 to be tried as an adult for various felonies, because of this legal catch, can we still have her tried as an adult? Yes, in the state of Colorado according to http//www.state.co.us/gov_dir. a juvenile 12 or 13 years of age and is alleged to have committed an act that if committed by an adult would constitute a Class 1 or 2 felony or crime of violence as defined in section 18-1.3-406, C.R.S. can be tried as an adult.Because of this law in Colorado I conclude that Marie should be tried as an adult for her involvement in the kidnapping of her classmate and sentenced to a rehabilitation center or boot camp. In either place, she will gain the educational and discipline to become a better citizen and well rounded person and hopefully become reformed enough to play an active, good chaste role in our society upon her completion of the program.RefrencesWhen a Child can be tried as an adult, A publication of the office of Legilaive legal services. August 30, 2005. https//www.expertlaw.com/library/criminal/juvenile_law.htmlCriminal Law Juvenile Criminal Cases. 1999 subject field Report Series, Juvenile Justice. Bulletin Juvenile Justice A atomic number 6 of Change December 1999. Kresnak, Jack. Chapter 2, Juvenile Justice.http//www.justicejournalism.org/crimeguide/chapter02/ chapter02_pg04.html

Child Labour Essay

Institute of Communication StudiesPunjab University, LahoreContent1 world2 Strategies/Plans3 What squeeze out you Do?4 Target sense of hearing5 Communication Mode6 Conclusion7 Bibliography foundation garmentDefinition of barbarian graspThe Article 1 of the United Nations assembly on the the right ways of the Child defines a youngster as any genius below the grow of 18.Child proletariat is often defined as wager that deprives churlren of their shaverhood, their authority and their dignity, and that is harmful tophysical and mental development. It refers to land that* interferes with their school day by depriving them of the * opportunity to pick up school, obliging them to leave school * prematurely or requiring them to attempt to compounding* school attendance with excessively long and heavy convey. Forms of squirt roilChild sedulousness exists in many an(prenominal) forms. Sometimes it posterior be easily detect abouttimes it is hidden from your view. Here is a hear of different forms of nestling bray that involves some of the close to widespread forms and some of the worst forms. However, this is not a complete list of tout ensemble breathing forms. house servant work Very common and sometimes seen as acceptable, it happens in the family home or removed the home. When domestic work is outside the home, children nearly always girls work very long hours, have no risk to go to school and ar isolated from their family and friends. Agricultural workA lot of working(a) children atomic number 18 found in agriculture. They often work on the family farm or with the whole family, as a unit, for an employer. feed in industries This work can be regular or casual, well-grounded or ilsound, as part of the family or by the child on his own for an employer. It includes carpet weaving, gemstone polishing, making garments, chemicals, glassware, fireworks, matches or a run of other products. These tasks expose the children to hazard ous chemicals that can lead to poisoning, respiratory and scratch diseases, radiant heat, fire and explosions, eyesight and hearing damage cuts, burns and redden death.Work in mines and quarriesChild labour is social occasiond in teeny scale mines in many countries. They work long hours without adequate protective covering and training. Child miners suffer from physical strain, fatigue and disorders of the muscular and skeletal systems. thralldom and forced labourIt is most commonly found in kinsy areas. It is also frequently linked to the oppression of ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples. Children are often also drawn into armed conflict, forced to be soldiers or to work for armed forces.Prostitution and child traffickingIt is one of the worst forms of child labour. The dangers faced by children are extreme and stretch from moral corruption to sexually transmitted diseases to death.Work in the informal economyThis includes a whole range of activities a good deal(pren ominal) as shoe cleaning, begging, pulling rickshaws, sell newspapers, or collecting rubbish. Some forms are very easily observed while others are hidden from public view. Activities often take pull on the streets but also include domestic work.StrategiesParticipate in the founding Day Against Child grateIn 2002, the Inter interior(a) Labour Organization (ILO) launched the first worldly concern Day Against Child Labour, as a way to highlight the worldwide movement to eliminate child labour. The instauration Day Against Child Labour is celebrated every year, on twelfth June. It provides an opportunity to gain the support of regimens, employers and workers organisations, civil society and others for the track down against child labour. 2008 activities testament focus and raise awareness on Education The Right Response to Child Labour.The role of bringing up is highlighted because access to exhaust and compulsory teaching for poor children is crucial to reducing child labou r. The most recent ILO Global Report noted that the establishment of universal schooling to the age of 14 or 15 has signaled the effective end of child labour in a number of countries.Contribute to the 12to12 PortalThe 12to12 confederation Portal is a networking platform for various groups working against child labour (workers, employers, youth, NGOs, schools, medias). The portal derives its name from June 12th, the World Day Against Child Labour. It aims to create a worldwide network of partners mobilized against child labour and to bring attention to the gist of child labour from June 12th to June 12th, until child labourers are finally presumption the chance to enjoy their rights as children and one day realize their wide potential as the bounteouss that they will become. capture involved in the equal Work agendaThe elimination of child labour is an important case of beseeming Work. Child labour not only prevents children from acquiring the skills and education they need for a give way future, it also perpetuates poverty and affects national economies. Withdrawing children from child labour, providing them with education and assisting their families with training and employment opportunities contribute directly to creating decent work for full-growns.Decent Work, Decent Life CampaignThe Decent Work Alliance, which consists of the the ITUC, the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), Solidar, the Global Progressive Forum and mixer Alert Intertnational, launched the campaign in January 2007 at the World Social Forum. The campaign aims to place Decent Work at the core of development, economic, swap, financial and well-disposed policies at the national, regional and worldwide level. A specific Decent Work, Decent Life Campaign for Women was launched, on 8th swear out 2008, for the 100th day of remembrance of the International Womens Day.Spread the message and build partnershipsTrade piths are well placed to influence the attitude of workers f amilies, children and their parents. Raise awareness among your members and among adult workers through publicity, posters, campaigns, shop classs or educational events. Develop child labour modules in your programmes, organise seminars or conference on child labour or use the mass media. You can also join forces and work with others, such(prenominal) as employers organisations, consumers organisations, NGOs, child labourers families, teachers and social workers.Monitor the development of child labourTrade marrows are well placed to undertake information-gathering and to develop confiscate policies and effective plans to take swear outs against child labour. Trade unions need to gather lucubrate information. Collectinglocal and national data will help to appoint where the worst forms of child labour are to be found and will aid in the evaluation of programmes to combat these forms of child labour.You can for mannequin* Collect stories, pictures and other evidence of children engaged in labour. * Assess the working environment in which children are working. * Record where child labour is universe utilise.* take form or take part in surveys.Use the supervisory machinery of international institutionsIf your coun return has ratified the ILO crowds, your trade union can use the supervisory mechanisms to pressure your government to take adequate and effective measures* Get the copies of reports submitted by your government to the ILO and feel free to blame comments on them to the ILO. * If you envisage the law and/or practice does not conform to a convention adopted in your country, consider reporting to the ILO and discuss this with the national and/or international organization to which you are affiliated.Participate in tripartite duologueTripartite dialogue is central to social stability and to sustainable product and development. Use the tripartite dialogue between trade unions, government and employers to break the legislation and its enforcemen t, and to define policies and programmes to combat the worst forms of child labour and to observe their implementation.Collective negotiate to combat child labourCollective bargaining is traditional trade union tool and a way for trade unions to interact with employers. It has served the trade union movementwell in meliorate wages and working conditions, and it has proven to be effective in influencing what occurs in the workplace.Promote the international labour standardsAs explained earlier in this guide, where the international labour standards are respected, children are far more likely to be in school than at work. Promoting the universal respect of international labour standards is thence another way to help tackle child labour not only in your country but also in other countries.Pressure your government for an ILO Convention onDomestic WorkersDomestic work is one of the most common forms of child labour. The Governing re master(prenominal)s of the International Labour Org anisation (ILO) decided in March 2008 to include the item Decent Work for Domestic Workers on the agenda of the 99th seance (2010) of the International Labour Conference. If your country is represented at the ILO Governing Body, then with your national center, urge your government to support the proposal to draw up an international convention specifically designed to protect domestic workers.e-Campaigning pro operates and new technologies are fast, easy and affordable ways to promote your actions as well as to broadcast your message to a wider audience. There are hundreds of ways to get your message known the only requirements are to be creative and to circulate people where they are online. If you have a camera, move into videos of your actions and/or a documentary about child labour, put them on Youtube or similar websites.What can you do?Participate in the World Day for Decent WorkOn October 7 2008, the trade union movement is organizing a World Day for Decent Work (WDDW). Thi s is an precious opportunity for trade unions andorganizations interested in Decent Work all around the world to join a broad global mobilisation involving a large number of people and a wide range of activities. There are three themes that you can connect your activities to on the World Day itself* rights at work* solidarity* ending poverty and inequality apiece of these themes can easily be linked with child labour and should fit into your existing child labour activities.Target AudienceHelp others to consume child labourChild labour may not be a big problem in your own country, but at that place is always the option of helping some other countries. Help your friends in India or in Democratic Republic of Congo or someplace else to fight against child labour Direct support to childrenWhen it is possible, trade unions and others can provide direct assistance to working children and their parents to help * remove children from work* rehabilitate child-labourers and get them into school and * develop apprenticeships for former child labourers readDemonstrations, when wisely used, are a very good trade union tool. * Organize a march against child labour and finish it outside a politically strategic building. * Use and display banners, flags and other materials in symbolic or strategic places. Your banners can include slogans, signatures, handprints or drawings. * Organize a child labour information stand in the main shopping street of your city or in other engage public places. Get in touch with your regional or national Global March coordinator The Global March Against Child Labour has a presence in more than 140 countries. Coordinating your safaris with the Global March Communication Channels 11 Communication ModeThe main parley channels are1- television receiver2- radiocommunication3-newspaper4-interactive theatreTelevisionTelevision is one of the most effective media of our times. Several studies have shown the impact of television on everyday lives of the viewers. Television has proved extremely effective as a channel for conveying development messages.ITA can make use of television in two ways.(a) By liaising with the producers of the television programmes that often comment on economic and social issues and by making efforts to convince them to put child domestic labour on their agenda. (b) By working with local stock operators to ensure that telecast video animation prepared for the switch.b) tuner Popularity of radio varies in the urban, suburban and homespun areas. After losing its glory in the urban areas of the country, it is staging a comeback in the form of FM stations. However, Radio is a popular medium of information and entertainment in the rural areas. Radio provides an effective and cost effective way to reach the manoeuvre audiences. Some programmes of Radio Lahore are particularly popular with the target audiences. An effort will be made to use these programmes to convey the message. For this purpose the project cater will meet and keep in touch with the presenters of these programmes.The government has issued licenses for FM radio stations all over the country. The communication staff of theproject will keep a close watch on such a development in the area and will try to make the best use of a communication opportunity if it appears in the form of an FM radio in the country. c) Newspapers Newspaper is an effective root system of communication in urban centres. It has different categories like magazine or periodical containing public news, reports of events, and commentaries. The Project team up will hold forums, seminars and workshop with media personnel to highlight the issue of child domestic labour. The project team will coordinate with editors of newspapers for an effective media campaign in the form of features, articles and dispersal of information. d) Interactive Theatre Street drama has been a popular folk art in the subcontinent for centuries. Traditionally street thea tres were used to dramatise mythic and folk romances.Lately, this medium has been modified to address social issues. A starchy case can be made for street theatres as a medium of communicating information about sensitive issues. Plays can be adopted to be culturally appropriate and context sensitive. Theatre provides a public and non-intrusive forum for communication. In addition, theatre is an ideal medium to reach target groups and facilitate immediate feedback. Pre-play entertainment can be used to gather the crowd, followed by a street play. The performance is followed by an interactive session in which audience engage in a raillery about the change in the situation portrayed in the play. advert/ Pamphlet*Public Notice*Concluding RemarksThe literature on child travail is an illustration of abundance and anarchy. Theoretical writings on the battlefield are relatively few though one finds theoretical insights in many unexpected papers and books which may be otherwise strictl y experimental or descriptive. The empirical writings on child labor are numerous but they are usually not founded on any theory. By bringing together68 the main theoretical ideas, this survey hopes to throw out not just further theoretical research but empirical work which is analytically better founded. Also evident from this survey is the concomitant that there is no unique prescription. Should child labor be censor outright?Should the WTO be given the responsibility of enforcing leapions on child labor through the use of trade sanctions? Should there be a legal minimum wage for adults so as to make it unnecessary for parents to send their children to work? The answer depends on the context. It was argued in this paper that there is much that can and ought to be done, but the precise policy to be followed depends on the economic milieu for which the prescription is being sought. The main policy river basin is between legal interventions and what may be called collaborative i nterventions, that is, public action which alters the economic environment such that parents of their own accord prefer to bow out the children from the labor force. The availability of good schools, the provision of free meals, effort to aggrandise adult wages, are examples of collaborative interventions.We have discussed examples and given arguments to show that such interventions are, in general, a desirable way of curbing child labor. However, many of these actions may not be feasible. There may not be money enough in the governments coffers to run better schools or to improve the infrastructure which would result in higher adult wages. In such circumstances, should government resort to legal action to restrict child labor? There seems to be some agreement, that some borderline restrictions, such as children being prevented from working in hazardous occupations or under bonded labor conditions, are worth enforcing legally. It is true that one can always think of some circumst ance where even such a minimal law will work to the detriment of the child.BibliographyLink1 http//www.ilo.org/ipec/Campaignandadvocacy/wdacl/langen/index.htm Link2 http//www.viewpointonline.net/the-solution.htmlLink3 http//www.goodweave.org/child_labor_campaignLink4 http//www.alliance2015.org/index.php?id=educationLink6 http//stopchildlabor.org/?p=2528Link7 http//www.globalmarch.org/

Discuss the theme of the Dream in the book Of Mice and Men Essay

None of the people on the ranch have granting immunity, and freedom was what George and Lennie penuryed. turnings, sugarcoat and Lennie are victims, Crooks because of his keystone, where a horse had kicked him, sweeten because of his pile, which he lost on the ranch, although he got two hundred and fifty dollar bill bucks in compensation and Lennie is a victim because of his lack of bopledge.The main aspiration in the book Of Mice and hands is George and Lennies fancy. Their dream is to have their own local area networkd where they im calve stimulate whatever they like, and to have a variety of animals, and Lennie ordain get to understand after the rabbits, if he moves well. The rabbits are each(prenominal) he talks and thinks somewhat the perfect land and the rabbits that he will look after if he behaves himself.Dont you think of nothing but rabbits?The land will be ten acres, have a windmill, a little house and chicken run. It will have a kitchen and plenty of food and water. They will build a smoke house where they will smoke the bacon, the ham, and the sausages. Theyll down a pig or rabbit each Sunday. Theyll can fruits. Theyll in like manner sell eggs and milk. They want to be answerable to nobody, to have freedom and be independent. Also, like Lennie says with a lot of enthusiasm,An live off the fatta the lanThis is a dream that George believes will not come true, (but he continues as though the dream will come true to lure Lennie to behave himself.) because they dont have the money and Lennie is always getting in some sort of trouble and then, they have to run away. He doesnt mean to do any harm.All the time he through bad things but henever done one of em meanSoon sugarcoat gets to know most their dream, and this is the and percent of the book where it expectms that the dream is totally around the corner. With Candys threesome hundred and fifty bucks and Georges and Lennies fifty bucks each approach shot at the end of the month, which makes a total of four hundred and fifty bucks, George says he could swing the owners for that as the lady needs an operation.George has a dream of his own which is a life with place Lennie. If he didnt have Lennie with him all the time,When I think of the swell time I could have without you, I go nuts. I never get no peace.If he excessively didnt have Lennie on his tail all the time, he could maybe even have a girl. This dream does come true at the end, but George had to kill Lennie or otherwise Curley would have come and killed Lennie himself. George learnt from Candys mistake of letting someone else kill his dog, so he killed Lennie himself making sure that the gunshot would not give Lennie any pain. Lennies life is ended, also with the dream as Lennie and George are talking about the dream until Lennie is killed like an animal.Candys dream was to be happy. The lonesome(prenominal) time he was sincerely happy was when he was a child. Candy has no other relatives, so he thought hed be happy living with George and Lennie. Candy is heartbroken when he finds out that Lennie has killed Curleys wife. Candy knows that their dream cannot come true now, becauseLennie was part of the dream and now he is dead. Also, when Candys dog was shot, Candy c everyplace his eyes with his arm.Old Candy lay down in the hay andcovered his eyes with his arm.And this was what he did when his dream was shattered.We do not know what happened to Candy or George after Lennie was killed, as the story ended there, so the demolition of Curleys wife ended two dreams, but the death of Lennie made Georges second dream come true. Even though he didnt like killing Lennie, he didnt want to let someone else kill him. I suppose George thought it was the ratiocination straw if he is killing unknowingly, he could kill again. They could not conceal running from everything he did wrong. He would get caught one day, and be killed.Curleys dream was to be big like Lennie and this is why Curley picked a bear on with Lennie and he lost. He didnt give Lennie a chance to hand over him that he was not against him, but straight away headed for Lennie and started asking him questions. George had told him not to speak, so he didnt answer. Curley really got angry. George answered for him and he answered,An you wont let the big guy rope talk, is that it?He wants to be big and tall. He picks fights with anybody that is larger, in a way superior to him. He only has heed for Slim we know this because he listened to Slim.I think you got your han caught in a machine.He knows what really happened. He didnt want to get laughed at either, so he listened and obeyed Slims instruction.But you jus tell an try on to get this guy canned and well tell ever body, an then will you get the laugh.Curley agreed to this statement, otherwise he will be laughed at for starting the fight and then losing it. Even though Curleys hand was totally ruined, and Lennie got a couple of bruises and cuts nobody got in any more than trouble.When his wife was killed he was really mad. Not mad for losing a love one. He was mad at Lennie for killing her, and instead of staying with his wife, he travel rapidly off to find Lennie and to kill him. We notice that although Curley was very protective over his wife, he didnt show any interest in her, and showed no signs of love. Nobody liked Curley, not even his wife.Curleys wife was an outcast, because she is the only female on the ranch and wore a lot of red. We can virtuoso she is heading for trouble, because of the way she flirted with all the men on the ranch. Red delineate and red finger nails shows a sign of danger. Curleys wifes dream was to become a movie star, and have nice clothes. This dream only came about because some guy had said that she was a natural.this guy says I was a naturalHer dream was shattered because she didnt adjoin a letter, this guy had promised to send to her. According to her, she thought her mother had thrown it away. We get the feeling that he didnt actually send the letter. She really thought that her mother had thrown it away and only for revenge, she got married to Curley. She didnt love Curley, nor even liked him. Shes not interested in Curley and Curley has no interest in her, but she is always looking for him, as an excuse, to talk to other guys. The other guys think shes a tart, and is imprison bait.Crooks has a dream, which is when he was a little child he remembered he had two brothers and they employ to do everything together. His dream is to be back with his family.I remember when I was a little kid on myold mans chicken ranch.He became negatively cynical. He doesnt believe life will get any get out and he thinks that people always behave selfishly or dishonestly.Crooks is unaccompanied and the only one who has respect for him is Slim. When he was small he used to play with people that werent black and this would upset his father. He didnt understand why until he was older. People called him a nigger and he is the only black person on the ranch. When he was a child, his family was the only black family for miles. Crooks had no other dreams he just wanted friends that wont criticize him, because of his colour.None of the dreams came true, and are all crushed and shattered, because Georges dream didnt mean that he didnt want Lennie at all, he wanted him, but not all the time. Lennie had to be killed and that ends some other two dreams. Candys dream was to be a part of George and Lennies dream, but as Lennie was killed, his dream also vanished. Curleys dream was to be big and as hes a freehanded man he wont grow any more. Crooks dream is to be back with his family, but it is impossible to go back in time. Curleys wife is dead which ends another dream.We see that John Steinbeck didnt make anybodys dream come true.Anjana Patel incline coursework 2nd January 2001

Ethical statement Essay

In this end of faculty assignment I abide adhered to the E100 ethical guidance by ensuring that I be possessed of changed every last(predicate) name calling including children, p atomic number 18nts and colleagues. I charter sack uped signed permission from p arnts to say that for the purpose of my larn I toilet observe selected children. I arsehole confirm that I brook all utilize material drawn from the place de depotine indoors the employer permission agreement form. IntroductionIn my end of module assignment I depart be disputeing how I as a practitioner progress to demonstrable throughout the E100 module. I willing too be reviewing parts of my learning piece conceiveing towards an earliest familys degree with The Open University. My assignment will include aras in which I have developed indoors my role including examples of how I have changed my approach pattern overdue to things that I have learnt over the past year. In order to structure my assignm ent I will include the outgrowth paragraph which will be an insight into why I chose to lead the E100 module past I will be using the chapter titles from interpret topic 18 as sub headings, they will be as follows section one Reflective institutionalise thus section twain A company of hold consequently section three doubt based lead and information and finally section four prep passkey attracters and tuition. In each of these sections I will hold forth how the mull topics and course materials have helped me develop my birth practice. alike as an appendix to my assignment I will include a Professional Development Plan and will discuss link up mingled with my development over the last year and the E100 course materials. I currently plough in a mountain that has children between the age of three months and five days. At the moment I am functional with the pre inculcate age range, in that respect ar currently 35 children registered into the pre-school, but we whole have a supreme of 24 children per day and a group of three practitioners one of which is a qualified teacher. E100 The Early geezerhood develop practiceThe E100 module was a good choice for me to begin my adopt with the Open University. I decided to under issue the Honours degree in Early old age C ar to develop my perceptiveness of the way in which children learn and develop and also to develop my own practice and bump off new insights into the e rightfullyday bidof children and young people. Reflective practiceThe term reflective practice is commonly used with in Early long time settings and involves critically analyzing actions in the aim to improve professional practice. When reflecting on practice it is important to identify good and bad practice that end then be used to develop strengths and weaknesses and areas in need of development. In education topic one regarding roles and responsibilities and reflecting on practice it says We live and cogitati on in a period of rapid change in terms of how puerility is thought of and experienced ( miller L., Devereux J and Callan S pg 18) When works within the early years sector it is important that you are able to handwriting with change in a positive way. During this past year speckle studying the E100 module I have had to change the ways in I work on umpteen occasions partly due to my position in the setting and partly because of what I have learnt and how I have developed. A good example of this is when studying for and complementary TMA 02 rough attachment theory I discovered that while children develop they adopt at things more(prenominal) when they sense the support from their key individual. After completing this TMA I decided to do some research into the work of bloody shame Ainsworth and John Bowlby, following my research I thought of a way in which I could improve the way in which my settings key person scheme works.I suggested that when working as three members of st aff with the maximum capacity of 24 children, we should try as close as we can to have our key children with us for example when completing a artifice activity myself and my group of key children could complete the activity then issue it set up for the next practitioner and their key children to complete it and so on. This works well now in my setting as the children shade secure with their key person and have a good take careing of what they will be doing that day and when. It has had a positive reaction on the childrens conduct as the day flows more smoothly and they have a routine in place, the children also know that if they are timid of anything they can ask their key person as they will be the one running the activities for them. Peter Moss in reviewer two chapter cardinal says The education and continuous professional development of this reflective and democratic professional involves deepening sagacity of these values and learning how to give expression to them in e a ctually day practice (Moss P 2008) This is very important and is askill that I think I have profitsed throughout the E100 module. I now nip that I can reflect on my practice good or bad and develop ways in which I can improve myself and the setting I work in. A friendship of practiceA community of practice is a term used to describe a group/sector of people that work unneurotic at one profession but often in some(prenominal) different ways. It is important that when working in Early old age care that the group of professionals can work together in order to raise good quality care for all the children. A good team is able to understand that they can gain knowledge and understanding by listening to opinions and experiences of separate practitioners. It is through the process of sharing information that a team will bond and work together well. In study topic 18 it says As a community of practice evolves, its bleed is to reflect collaboratively and develop shared approaches ( Craft A., reed instrument M., Jones C., Goodliff G and Callan C 2012 pg 153) This links into the work I completed during study topic two and while completing TMA 01 The influence of policy in my early days setting. While studying study topic two I learnt that in order for the children to develop to their full potential on that point moldiness be team that works really well together to provide senior high quality childcare. This suggests that there must be structure such as daily routine and weekly cooking sheets. From studying this module I and the team in pre-school have held meetings to devise ways in which we can improve the current planning provision. I came up with the approximation of structuring the planning in a simple way to ensure that all practitioners understand what they have to do that week.In contributor two chapter nineteen developed by Alice Paige-Smith and Anna Craft it says In becoming who we are as practitioners then, we fix on layer upon layer of experien ce our own and that of others generated by working with various communities (Paige Smith A and Craft A 2008 pg 192 (a) I feel that this controversy is very much align as it is important to fill to your setting experiences and opinions you have gained from past encounters. This links again into the work I did around attachment theory and how children feel close people in the lives and things they have experienced. In reader two chapter 19 reprehension and growing a community of practice it says Professionals who work with young children in England are required to fulfil a range of policy based expectations within theirprovisions, relating to curriculum, assessment and access to learning opportunities ( Paige-Smith A and Craft A 2008 pg 194 (b) This statement is very much true but in my opinion there is too much planning and paperwork to be through with(p) within settings. I feel that more time should be spent with the children to ensure that they are really enjoying their ea rly learning experiences. While reading chapter 24 of reader one I came across points made by Vicky Hurst and Jenefer Joseph regarding Parents and Practitioners they say that Contacts with the abode should be fulfiln as part of the curriculum, and a part of the practitioners responsibility to provide for childrens learning in ways which causal agency them (Hurst V Joseph J pg 264 1998) I fully agree with this statement and have recently held mini meetings with the parents of my key children to discover where they as the parents feel that their children are in their development progress and explain if I feel other than to their opinions or have any concerns.Mainly I used this time to interact with the parents on a more in formal direct in order to build good relationships and enable them to understand that they can approach me almost any concerns they may have regarding their Childs development process. This then led the other practitioners to follow my lead and arrange meetings for themselves with their key childrens parents this made me feel very proud as they had taken my idea and used it for themselves in order to better the provision of the setting and gain better understanding of the children in their care. When working as a community of practice it is inbred that all members of the team are aware of their position, roles and responsibilities. The setting should run like a well oiled machine. In reader one chapter 4 it says Each team member needs the authority of understanding where the pieces of the saber saw fit (Read M Rees M pg 50 2000 (a) This is very significant when working with the team in pre-school at my setting we are all fully aware of our responsibilities and these are regularly reviewed to ensure that they are still relevant so that the members of the team dont amaze stuck in their ways and non change their thinking as children develop. head based loss leadership and developmentThe word leader or leadership basically is how one p erson or an organisation like a nursery setting can aid others in the accomplishment of tasks or could also mean someone who people follow or the person a team fashion to. Afew examples of this are the agency leaders of settings that manage the day to day planning and over see the running and routines. When working in childcare it is important to have leadership skills because as practitioners we are leading children into school life and ensuring that they are as fully prepared as they can be. While studying this module I have developed immensely and now understand more about the different sectors of childcare for example nannies, childminders and more information about settings. While reading chapter twenty four of reader two I learnt that leadership is really important when running an early years setting. In the chapter it says Practitioners need support if they are to preserve in changing their practice (Anning A Edwards A 2006 pg 236) I believe this statement to be true as a p ractitioner I have witnessed that if you work within a supportive network youre more likely to fall out a immense your chosen career path. There are many skills conglomerate in being a good practitioner, using study topic 18 I have picked out a few that interrelate myself Lead by example this is very important when working with children as well as other adults, children are likely to model behaviour they see while in the setting so it is a must that I act professionally and use correct language at all times.Admit splays if I have made a mistake or even completed a task that I matte up didnt go very well, I always reflect on the situation and think of ways to develop it. We have staff observations that other practitioners complete if they see good or bad practice that we then reflect on in the next staff appraisal. Effectively counterchange information about children and families I feel I am really good at build relationships with the children their parents and other pract itioners. Communication is a puffy part of everyday practice and being able to communicate is a valuable skill. These are just a few examples but there are many more skills that define a person as a good practitioner. In chapter four of reader one regarding functional in teams in early years settings it says Successful team work requires a group of individuals to share the daily working experience in a positive and proactive manner.(Read M Rees M 2000 pg 47 (b) It is essential to be part of a good team that can rig any situation and work together effectively. I recently started in my current setting and fitted in quickly within the team I felt obtaind and was told my roles and responsibilities in a clear simple way. Now Im settled in and the team feels like a little(a) family.I have really developeda clear understanding of what I need to do on a daily flat coat and often act as path leader when she is on spend or sick etc I feel that I am very good at stepping up to the plat e and taking charge. An example of this would be on a week where I was acting as the room lead a new apprentice started working with us I remembered how I felt on my first day and the things the team did to welcome me and then made sure that the apprentice felt the same way. I also ensured that the children felt safe around the new apprentice and that they all new why she was there and her name. In chapter four is a paraphrase I feel fits well into the subject of inclusion within a team, Each team member needs the confidence of the understanding where the pieces of the jigsaw fit.(Read M and Rees M 2000 pg 50 (c) A team will work more effectively if everyone knows what they have to do. Planning professional leadership and developmentIn this last paragraph I am going to discuss my PDP (professional development plan) and how the E100 module has helped me towards reaching the goals of my PDP I will also discuss what attributes I feel make a good professional leader. deep down my PDP I have stated that I would like to eventually informal up my very own preschool after studying this module I have learnt a lot about what needs to be done to do this and researched more towards actually completing this goal. There are many different attributes that I feel make a good leader a few of which are Enthusiasm a good leader is very enthusiastic about their job and the role as a leader. Committed to excellence a good leader is all about excellence, being second best should not be an option. Confident a good leader should be confident within their role and supercharge confidence from other team members. In study topic eighteen it says,Leadership the capacity to motivate and encourage others, for example to access raising or implement a new way of working and to take on responsibility. (Craft A., Reed M., Jones C., Goodliff G and Callan C 2012 pg 168 2012) When trying to improve yourself and besides your career it is important to be able to give yourself short, medium and long term goals in my professional development plan I have included that eventually I would like to open up my own pre school setting in which I plan to have a goodstrong team that is professional and fully focused on the children and helping them reach their full potential. To full fill my dream I am going to have to work hard to complete the placidity of my degree and use the new knowledge and understanding I gain to start my business with the childcare sector. ConclusionIn conclusion I feel that my development while studying the E100 module has come on in leaps and bounds. Through studying with The Open University I feel I have gained a lot more confidence towards working with children and their families and building strong relationships. It has helped me develop my understanding of the profession and made me want to upgrade my knowledge and develop my career goal of owning a pre-school. I look forward to beginning the next year of study with The Open University which wil l be the E105 module. This module has enabled me to reflect on my practice not only the good aspects but also things that I have done not so well being able to do this has made me feel a lot more professional in my role and has habituated me the confidence to apply for more supervisory roles within my community. Completing this EMA has influenced me greatly towards enrolling for future courses and developing my skills. Over the summer break I specialise to complete online training courses to progress my own skills and knowledge.ReferencesAnning a Edwards A. (2006) Creating contexts for professional development Miller L., crease C and Goodliff G. Supporting childrens learning in the early years second Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes the Open University. Craft A., Reed M., Jones C., Goodliff G. And Callan S. (2012) study topic eighteen Professional learning, leadership and development E100 the Early Years Developing practice, Milton Keynes the Open University. Hurst V and Joseph J (1998) Parents and practitioners, sharing education origin C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years second Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes The Open University. Miller L., Devereux J. & Callan S. (2012) study topic one Roles and Responsibilities E100 The Early Years Developing practice, Milton Keynes The Open University. Moss P (2008) The democratic and reflective professional Miller L., Cable C. And Goodliff G. Supporting childrens learning in the early years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulton/ Milton KeynesThe Open University. Paige-Smith A and Craft A. (2008) Reflection and developing a community of practice Cable C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes The Open University. (a) Paige-Smith A and Craft A. (2008) Reflection and developing a community of practice Cable C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulto n/Milton Keynes The Open University.(b) Reed M and Rees M. (2000) Working in teams in early years settings Cable C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes The Open University. (a) page 50 Reed M and Rees M. (2000) Working in teams in early years settings Cable C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes The Open University. (b) page 47 Reed M and Rees M. (2000) Working in teams in early years settings Cable C., Miller L and Goodliff G. working with children in the Early Years 2nd Edition. Oxon David Fulton/Milton Keynes The Open University. (c) Page 50

Hamlet vs Agamemnon Essay

In my spirit, the look Hamlet is more(prenominal) tragic than Agamemnon. They are twain tragedies as they both fulfill Aristotles definition of tragedy as they both account the downfall of a basically good person through or so fatal error or misjudgment, which produces suffering and insight on the wear of the protagonist and arousing kindness and fear on the part of the audience. They also corroborate all the elements of Greek tragedy such as hubris, catharsis, peripeteia, anagnorisis, and hamartia ( old-fashioned Greek Tragedy). The most important reason that Hamlet is more tragic, in my opinion, is because the protagonist, Hamlet, is an integral part of the play and his character is much more developed. In Agamemnon , the protagonist, Agamemnon, is a secondary character to his wife who, in my opinion is the main character.Hamlet is a tragic hero, as is Agamemnon, following Aristotles criteria for the elements of a tragic hero. For example, they both evoke the audiences pi ty and fear, have a major flaw of character and are bound(p) to fall in some way (Tragedy in gambling). However, because Hamlet is the main character, we see, hear and understand more of his character. When Hamlet delivers his umteen dramatic soliloquies close mortality, betrayal, and the futility of life, he shows us his tortured world and the anguish, grief, and unbelief which eventually takes over his life, leading to his death (Hamlet Tone). As the reader, I felt so much sympathy for Hamlet and this make the play more tragic. On the other hand, the reader knows more about Agamemnon from the Chorus and other characters, rather than from the character himself. The reader has much less(prenominal) insight into his personality and feelings and I found that, as the tragic hero, he lacked the emotion of Hamlet.

There are many reasons why you could argue the ‘Class Structure’ is changing in the Contemporary UK

Firstly, up until the 1980s wealth was becoming more fairly distributed across the population, further since the 1980s this trend has reversed and the gap between rich and poor has rocketed. right away a days, most wealth remains in the hands of a tiny minority whilst the legal age float above the fine demarcation origination of poverty.New Right sociologists claim that the old ruling screen out has disintegrated and a share owning expanded middle class has emerged. Peter Saunders in a flash claims minority rule by a minority class has been replaced with a race of stakeholders. except the continued existence of a power elite controlling the majority of wealth and power has been well documented by John Scott. manual(a) create patterns have changed in any case, i.e. in the base and secondary industry manual jobs have declined significantly, whilst service sector jobs have developmentd. The expansion of the Welfare rural area has caused professional and non manual jobs t o increase, go aways in a bloated middle class.The traditional on the job(p) class has also changed, with women becoming a more influential and grand member of the take a crap wildness. Part time work has increase too.As a result of a rising global economy a geographical shift in the traditional operative class has emerged. In the West there has been a growth in non manual utilization with an extension of state services, in particular teachers, nurses, clerks etcThere has also been an increase the employment of women and part time low insecure employment.Roberts claims the middle class has expanded but also fragmented into a number of distinct groups, i.e. professionals, managers, egotism utilize.Roberts call these strata within the middles class class fractions each with its own culture, norms and values.Professionals slant to employ internally, therefore if your father is a professional you are a good deal more likely to be employed.Savage suggest that professionals hav e a strong sense of class solidarity as evidence of their willingness to take collective action to protect their values, i.e. Occupational Associations-BMA, law society and lower shoot down the NUTThere has been a significant increase in self employed people, especially in the areas of consultancy in the finance, ICT areas. Large numbers of employed managers have their own consultancy business too.It is understood that Henry Ford determine the traditional working class with his first moving assembly line in the 1914. Work was divided up into much more achievable loads and presented to a much lower skilled work force in return for lower labour costs. Fordism shape both working class and its sense of solidarity. However with manufacturing in decline this class has also begun to decline.Henry Braveman argues that Fordism still impacts working class as workers are continuously de-skilled with the introduction of technology.This introduction of technology has also dented the middle class occupations as white collar clerical/ technical are field of operations to proletarianisation by the impending application of technology.Marxists suggest that revolutionary class knowingness will be the result of such trends.Daniel Bell suggests that we are now living in a post fordist or post industrial age where work is based intellectual creativity rather than physical effort. Businesses also take more care of their workforce through better conditions, pay and concern for professional development.To support these claims by Bell the primary and secondary industries have declined whilst tertiary have expanded, as a result fewer people in Western Europe now work more with their brains than with their hands.Service sector workers lack the old structures of union and solidarity, consequently seemingly becoming more privatised. There has been a growth of highly skilled new technology workers (wired workers) whom work from home, enjoying increased flexibility, challenge and a utonomy.However there is strong evidence against Bells theory, i.e. some sociologists argue that manual work has simply followed market conditions to low labour costing parts of the world. as well some argue the point that most computer workers sit in fact sit front of computers to input simple repetitive data, in poor conditions and for low pay.

Barack Obama Back to School Essay

On September 8th 2009, the president of The United States, Barack Obama gave a manner of speaking c alled arse to School. The expression was about the responsibility that you deplete as a youthfulness individual responsibility you have for yourself, your teachers, parents, and your country. Obama mentions, among other things, that you have to suffice initiate to find out what your good at, and what you want to make of your future. He says that without education your never going to get the job you want most.He says that what you make of your education is going to determine the future of the country and if you stop over school and quit on yourself, your giving up on our country. throughout the speech, Obama makes references to not only his own flavor experiences, provided also, the American dream. He ends his speech by saying, that it is hard to be conquestful and that you have to skirmish to achieve your goal in life. You have to practice, study hard and not be afraid of asking heap for help. Furthermore he ends his speech by asking his consultation questions and to say that he has great expectations for this bare-ass generation.The President of the United States Barack Obama is the speaker of the text Back to School. His audience is not only the young people at Wakefield High School, but moreover young people attending school in all over America. P. 1 l. 1 Hello everyone hows everybody doing today? It is already indicated in the first line that he is stressful to level with his audience, the young students, despite of his status. Furthermore he uses the words I know, and close to turns them into a phrase. With this phrase, which appears several generation through the text, he indicates to the audience that he knows their feelings or thoughts.The imagery in this speech is very vivid, showing what success looks exchangeable, and what an individual could make of their life. With the use of small and simple sentences Obama tries to get the de tail across that school is important and one needs an education to suffer in this world. The length of the speech shows how adamant he is of children staying in school, and trying to purify their future. There is a lot of repetition in the speech, stating that school is important, and an education is necessary in life, and that you cant get what you want without practicing hard, study even harder and always trying your best.There seems to be no manakin of alliteration in this speech. Many people use the alliteration of speech to trip up the audience and individual minds. Obama references to many other famous people who have failed many times and still succeed. J. K. Rowlings who wrote Harry monkey around her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, I have failed over and over and over a gain in my life. And thats why I succeed. .The language of this poem shows that the speech is meant for a young audience, mayhap kindergarden-12th grade. Barack talks about staying in school, a the responsibility an individual has as a student. He directly addresses the audience, by using the word you. He uses a very direct tone in order to capture the audience in a better way. With the use of logos, the spectators can better understand what the President is saying to them by using his own experiences, and journeys. nerve-racking to sound like president Kennedy, Obama makes the audience feel comfortable, and makes them feel like what he is saying is true.He uses promptness and sternness to show how respectable education is, not only for yourself, but your country. Toward the middle of his speech Obama says The truth is, being successful is hard. You wont love every root word that you study. You wont click with every teacher that you have. Not every homework assignment will seem completely relevant to your life right at this minute. And you wont necessarily succeed at everything the first time you try. This helps ones mind feel at ease with erudite hes speaking the truth.

Tatutory body

Pursuant to the above, FL therefore forwarded to CT an invoice of pursuant to Clause 10 of the Agreement. However, by Acts analysis, there were errors In the computer science of PPTP In the 2009 measure level-headed opinion Issued by FIRS. CT Is also In dis obligation with the step employ by your Comp whatsoever in arriving at the royalty due for the rock embrocate produced. It was based on these beliefs, that CT forwarded to your Comp all the sum of and for respect legal opinion and royalty respectively totaling CT further requested that your Comp whatsoever challenges the tax assessment at the appropriate forum and re-compute the royalty cording to the established rates.It Is on the above premise that your Company the following relief (a) Declarations on the pertinent royalty rate and the correct calculation of PPTP returns (b) and specific damages for compensation of the outstanding tax and royalty sums of Looking at the above relief, the issues in question which wer e submitted to Arbitration arose out of alleged wrong assessment and computation of taxes by your Company due to the FIRS and by extension to the federal official judicature of Nigeria. So for all intents and purposes, the claim of your Company before the Orbital tribunal s in effect for declarations on the applicable royalty rate and calculation of PPTP.The Federal High court in the recent stopping point of Federal Inland tax income Service Vs Nigerian National rock anele Corporation & Others opined thus While it is conceded that the Parties are bound by the sanctity of their contracts and the issue in animosity arose out of the Agreement, the question still the Great Compromiser whether Parties can by an Agreement purport to confer legal power on an Arbitration Tribunal to determine issues relating to taxation of Companies or connected with the FederalGovernment tax when such Jurisdiction is exclusively conferred on this Court by the opus of the Federal Republic of Nige ria. The answer I must say is an emphasized No. In other words, the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria precludes any other Court in Nigeria other than the Federal High Court, not to talk of an inferior Arbitration Tribunal, from exercising Jurisdiction over tax matters relating to Federal Government Revenue.Although in simply parlance, one might be quick to say that given that EDP and FIRS re neither realmies to the agreement nor parties before the orbital jury, they do not have the venue stands to pretend such an application. Furthermore, it is a trite principle of Arbitration law that Courts of integrity must not be too hasty to make any injunctions or orders affecting arbitration proceedings. Be that as it whitethorn, We wish to pass by your attention to the recent decision in Federal Inland Revenue Service Vs Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation & Others wherein the A.Belle J headstrong that incidental thereto. It is not in dispute at all, that the plainti ff in this case is the traitors body established by Law to wit Federal Inland Revenue Service (Establishment) Act, 2007 as the Sole Federal function responsible for the assessment and collection of Taxes on behalf of the Federal Government of Nigeria. It stands to land therefore that in any dispute where the plaintiff perceived that its statutory functions are going to be affected by such dispute it pull up stakes necessarily have the requisite locus stands to bring an legal action to seek remedy.So, to my mind in the instant case, it is preposterous to argue as the 2nd- 5th Defendants did, arbitrarily f tax issues arising from production sharing contracts-that the Plaintiff has no locus stands to bring this action in which it alleges that its statutory functions to assess and collect tax for the Federal Government will be adversely affected in the Orbital proceedings between the Defendants in this case, unless on the ground that it is not party to the orbital proceedings.It is the very condition of its not being a party to the orbital proceedings that makes it strident for the Plaintiff to file this suit to protect its perceived interest in the subject matter of the arbitration. This Court is not unconcerned at this stage, with whether the Plaintiff will succeed because locus stands of a Plaintiff to sue is not dependent on whether or not its case will succeed. It is against this setting that I hold the view that the Plaintiff in this case has the locus stands to bring the present action.On this score therefore, this Court has the jurisdiction to entertain the case. From the predate decision of the Federal High Court, the Court has taken the stance that if the FIRS perceives that its statutory functions are going to be affected by any dispute, it will have the requisite locus stands to bring an action to seek remedy. The Court accordingly held that FIRS had a basis to bring the action and that the Court has Jurisdiction to entertain the case. This th erefore means that the EDP and FIRS may be minded(p) injunctive orders restraining continuation of the arbitration.Drawing from the above, the decision of the Tax Appeal Tribunal would be spine on CT and its preliminary objection to the Jurisdiction of the Orbital panel would be upheld. ACT The Nigerian means Development and Monitoring control board (UNCOMBED)s directive is made pursuant to the Nigerian Oil and Gas fabrication Content Development Act to enhance the level of participation of Nigerian and Nigerian companies in the countrys oil and gas industry. The Act provides for the submission of Nigerian Content Plan to form an essential component of bidding for any license, permit or interest in the oil and gas industry.It contains supply to ensure that first consideration is given to Nigerian and Nigerian Companies. The local theme gives force of law to the Nigerian Content Policy, which are already part of current oil regulations. The local content act establishes a lega l and regulatory framework for the involvement of and procrastination f indigenous oil and gas companies in the award of oil blocks, oil field licenses, oil lifting licenses and other projects. Under the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act, rights or interests in an oil mining lease (MOL) may be transferred by assignment.However, an assignment can only be reasoned where the consent of the Minister of Petroleum Resources has first been obtained following the fulfillment of the relevant conditions. These conditions include that the proposed assignee Is of unattackable reputation, a member of a group of companies of practiced reputation, or is wend by a company or companies of good reputation. Has sufficient technical knowledge and experience, and sufficient financial resources to effectively work out under the license or lease.